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Electric Propulsion for a High Altitude Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

by Jacob Hjort Friderichsen

Institution: KTH
Department: Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS)
Degree:
Year: 2022
Keywords: Electric Propulsion; UAV; ALPHA; Electronic Speed Controller; BLDC Motor; Propeller; Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering; Elektroteknik och elektronik
Posted: 3/25/2025
Record ID: 2267702
Full text PDF: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-323614


Abstract

The catalogue of observational platforms for space and atmospheric research can be expanded by utilising drones equipped with specialised instrumentation and capable of flying at high altitudes. In this project the requirements for an electric propulsion system applicable to the KTH Royal Institute of Technology ALPHA project are evaluated. A selection of electric motors, propellers and electronic speed controllers are tested to analyse their applicability using two different test setups. The tests include evaluation of propeller characteristics such as thrust and torque generation along with operational angular velocity ranges and the efficiency of brushless DC motors. The results are analysed and extrapolated to approximate the performance in the dynamic environment that the ALPHA aerial vehicle will encounter. From the tested hardware a propeller with a diameter of ten inches and a pitch of seven inches is found to fulfil the requirements. Out of the tested motors, six of them achieve the necessary performance and these are presented with suggestionsfor further analysis. Mängden observationsplatformar inom rymd och atmosfärisk forskning kan utvidgas genom att använda drönare utrustade med specialicerade instrument som är kapabla att flyga på hög höjd. I detta projekt evalueras kraven på ett elektriskt drivsystem tillämpningsbart p ̊a KTH Royal Institute of Technologys ALPHA projekt. Ett urval av elektriska motorer, propellrar och elektroniska hastighetsregulatorer testas för att analysera deras tillämplighet genom använding av två olika testuppställningar. Testerna inkluderar evaluering av propellrars dragkraft, vridmoment samt operativ spann av vinkelhastighet, men även börstlösa DC motorers effektivitet och prestanda. Resultaten analyseras och extrapoleras för att approximera prestanda i den dynamiska miljön som ALPHA drönaren kommer att möta. Av den testade hårdvaran uppfyller en propeller med en diameter på tio tum och en stigning på sju tum kraven. Av de testade motorerna uppnår sex av dem den prestanda som krävs och dessa presenteras med förslag på vidare analys Kandidatexjobb i elektroteknik 2022, KTH, Stockholm

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